Improvement in apparatus for the manufacture and bottling of aerated waters



3 Sheets--Sheet 1.

O. KROPFF.

Improvement in Apparatus for the Manufacture and 'Botrling of Aerated Waters.

NO 1284Q4, Patentedjuly2,1872.

- SSheets--Sheet2- O. KROPFF.

Improvement in Apparatus for the Man'ufa'ctu-re and Bottling of Aerated Waters. N0 128,494s Patentedjuly 2,872.

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Improvement in Apparatus for the Manufacture and Bottling of Aerated Waters.- NO. 128,494. Fi PatentedJuIy2,t872.

.into the generator.

`w is a pipe.

bent Siphon-tube.

UNITED STATES IAJIEN'I OFFICE.

OSCAR KROPFF, OF NORDHAUSEN, PRUSSIA, EMPIRE OF GERMANY:

IMPROVEMENT lN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE AND BOTTLING 0F AERATED WATERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 128,494, dated July 2, 1872.

Specification describing certain Improvements in Apparatus for theManufacture of Aerated Waters, by OSCAR KROPFF, of Nordhansen, Kingdom of Prussia, Empire of Germany.

My apparatus differs from any other hereto- `fore invented, that the carbonic-acid gas now usually wasted in lling bottles or siphons is utilized, and that it can either be conducted bto the fountain or into the generator, as may be desirable.

This end is attained by the combination of a receiver, H, with a double-acting pump, Gr, and other apparatus, as will hereafter be explained.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an elevation, showing that end of the machine without Y the fly-wheel, which is at the left hand of Fig.

vb are screws with plates for closing the charging-holes. cis the valve forv admitting acid d is a'blow-ofti`valve. o and fare pressure-gauges. gis an agitator.

t' is a return-valve. mis a screw to give access .to receptacle D. n is a crank-pin. u is awedge.

and 30 are stop-cocks. 11 11 are suction-valves 13 is a support for the shaft, with pipes, the purpose of which will hereafter be explained. 16 is a cork-cylinder. 17 is a punch or stamp. 18 is a lever. 19 is a bottle-lever. 20 is a pedal. 22 is the mouth-piece of the cork-cylinder. ,23 is a pressure-gauge. 24 is a return-valve. 25 is a nozzle in which is placed a sieve to separate carbonic acid from water as it enters the receiver. 3l is a nipple for the 32 is the pedall of the machine for filling siphons. 33 is a lever for regulating the supply of the aerated water to y the siphons.

The manufacture of aerated waters consists in two operations, namely: rst, in the production of carbonic-acid gas in the generator A; and second, inthe impregnation of the water in the fountain B with this gas. The first operation is commenced with by introducing the requisite amount of ground chalk, magnesite, dolomite, or ground marble, with its fourfold quantity of water, into the generator.

Myimproved apparatus requires for one hundred bottles soda-water only three and onethird pounds of each of the materials (oil of vitriol and marble) or its substitute, instead of five pounds. The generator A must be large enough to produce suflicient gas to impregnate the liquid three times in succession, one hundred pounds of marble and forty pounds of water being necessary to produce one hundred bottles each time. When all the stop-cocks have been closed and screw a has been drawn tight the marble is introduced through b, suflcient water being added.' to fill the cylinder to three-fourths, or at most to seven-eighths. Hereupon ten pounds of oil of vitriol are poured into blowp valve el of the generator. The fountain B is then filled with water through e, the agitator being turned a fewtimes, so that the atmospheric air contained in the water may escape, when the plate of the charginghole is fastened down by means of the screw.

vAfter this the three wash-bottles C O C are filled to overilowing, namely, the first bottle (next to the generator) with a solution of sulphate of iron; the second with one of carbonate of soda; and the third with pure water. After gauge f indicates a pressure of one atmosphere.

Valve c is then closed While d is opened. The agitator gl is turned several times, so that the air may escape from d; 'afterward the latter is closed. The gas-washers are first filled to overf flowing, so that no atmospheric air may remain in them 5 but, in order to set themachine in operation, itis necessary that they contain only three-fourths or seven-eighths at most, so that the empty space maybelled with carbonic acid and that the solutions may not be pressed over tothe fountain. To empty the gas-washers to three-'fourths of their capacity, stop-cock "l is opened and the generation of carbonio acid is being continued by opening valve c a little and turning agitator g. The carbonio acid passes tlirou gh stop-cock 4. D is then filled with the necessary salt solutions which are to characterize the different waters, the solution being kept therein until used. For the further gen- -eration ofcarbonic acid oil of vitriol is allowed .to iiow upon the marble or other material, the agitator g being slowly turned in the mean time. AAfter the crank-pin n has been brought in connection with the agitator of the fountain, and the pump has been set out of motion, the flywheel is turned rapidly in order to facilitate impregnation. As soon as gauge 0 indicates one atmosphere pressure vent-cock 3 is opened and the carbonio-acid gas, which is mingled with atmospheric air, is allowed to escape, the fly-wheel being turned in the mean time. Hereupon the water is impregnated anew until the gauge indicates apressure of four atmospheres, which, for complete saturation, is absolutely necessary. Faucet 5iis now opened so that the mineral solution in D may iiow into the fountain, when it is again closed. Since the now thorou ghly-saturated water could not be drawn into bottles without exposing them to the danger of bursting, a sufficient amount of gas is allowed `to return into the generator, so that in the fountain there will only be a pressure of one and a halt' atmosphere. Stop-cock l is therefore shut, while 6 and 7 are opened. Stop-cock 8, which leads to the pump, and faucet 9, are also opened. To set the pump in motion wedge u is inserted and the connection between the agitator and the iiy-wheel is broken. By setting the pump in motion the car` bonic acid is forced through pipe w and stopeock 6 from the fountain to the generator. After this manipulation gauge f shows a high'-` er, gauge o, however, a lower, pressure, and when the latter shows a pressure of one and a half atmospherethe pump is set out of motion.

The soda-water is then ready to be bottled.

' For iilling bottles by the bottling-machine T vent-cock 3 is opened, so that the air fromthe l bottles may be conducted to the fountain. Be-

ing lighter than carbonio acid, the air is being collected in the upper part of the vessel, and is not absorbed by the product of manufacture. The fillin g of soda-water into bottles by means of a bottling-machine being well known, I will only remark that after the pressure in the fountain has decreased stop-cock 2 is opened, so that sufficient carbonio acid may enter that the pressure of one and a half atmosphere remains constant until the last bottle is lled. After bottling, the mixture of gas and atmospheric air. is Aallowed to escape by opening stop-cock 3. The fountain is filled anew with water and closed, the operation of impregnation being repeated, as described. For the third fillin gthere would not be sufcient carbonio acid that, by its own pressure, could pass into the fountain. Equal pressure is therefore established, which will be indicated by the gaugesfand 0.` Wed ge u is then inserted, and when the stop-cocks l,

9, 10 have been opened and 2, 6, and 7 closed, pumping is commenced, with the gas being thus drawn from the washers and pressed into the fountain while the agitator isV turned. When, now, valve c is completely opened the last remainder of sulphuric acid iiows upon the marble, and when, by stirring, gas ceases to be generated, which will be indicated bygauge f', stop-cocks 6 and l are closed. Communication between the generator and the fountain will then be interrupted. The generator may then be charged again. The rule is, however, that as long as gauge f indicates pressure to use the surplus of carbonio acid for impregnation.

The gas-washers are recharged every week or two, and the generator is well rinsed with pure water as often as it has been discharged.

Should the pressure rise too high, be it in the fountain or in the generator, it will easily regulate itself by the safety-valves E and F.

The pump G is double-actin g, closed with a cover on the top and with a bottom below, both parts being screwed on. On the cover there is a stuffing-box, in which the shaft moves airtight. The cylinder is provided with 'feet below and above, whereby the pump may be screwed to an iron support. The suction-valves 1l 1l on the right hand and the dischargingvalves l2 12 on the left hand effect communication between the gas-washers and the fountain. The pump-piston is of one solid piece, and packed with leather. The Valves are hexagonal in form, and can be screwed off whenever they have to be cleaned. 13 is the support of the shaft for the agitator and fly-wheel. The pump is set in motion by .means of reciprocating vertical motion im parted to rod` 14 by means of the crank on the main shaft. By withdrawing wedge u the agitator is turned 5 however, pump and agitator may be moved together. Pipe l5 serves to lead the carbonio acid from the gas-washers to the pump. This new pump is especially serviceable for my purpose, not only because it is double acting, but also because it can be kept clean more readily, which is attributable to the position of the valves. The valves are packed with India rubber, and are therefore more solid and durable than valves of metal. What renders the pump especially valuable consists in that it is double acting; that it draws gas from below the piston as well as from above, and discharges it into the fountain; it allows a rapid passage, and furnishes larger quantities of gas than anyother pump used for this purpose. Ascan be seen from the drawing, the pump can readily be set in motion, and the agitator can as Well be turned by a simple attachment of the crank-pin.

The bottling-machine T consists of dierent parts, 16 being the cork-cylinder, 17 the punch or stamp, 18 a lever. 19 is the bottle-lever, 20

the pedal. On the right hand ofthe upper part there is the bottling-cock 4 and the ventccck 3, with a conduit-pipe, 21, to the fountain B. On the mouth-piece 22 (which may be screwed oif) there is a disk of India rubber, which offers a packing for the mouth of the bottle.

The filling of the siphons is carried out in the rfollowing manner: After the Water in the fountain has been impregnated until the gauge shows a pressure of seven atmospheres, stopcoek 28 is opened and 29 closed. The Water will then rise through pipe 36 into receiver K. When the siphon and the bent tube of the 'same have been set into piston 31, one must step on the pedal, whereby the bottle will be Well secured. By now seizing lever 33 with the right hand and pressing it toward the right side the water will rush into the bottle; but it will only be filled to one-half, since the remainin g space will be filled with carbonio acid of the same tension as in the fountain. Lever .33 must now be turned, for a moment, toward the left side, when the carbonic acid, with the Water in the Siphon-faucet, will pass, through pipe 27, return-valve 24, and nozzle 25, into receiver H. Nozzle 25 serves for a rapid separation of the carbonio acid from the water. The more siphons have been filled the higher will be the pressure indicated on gauge 23.

hen the pressure has reached three atmospheres it is difficult to ll the siphons. The cock 8, which effects communication between Vthe receiver and the pump, is therefore opened; so is stop-cock 10; and the pump is worked, whereby the gas containedin the receiver is propelled back into the fountain. If the gas is to be sent from the receiver into the generator, stop-cock 10 is closed and 6 is turned open, and the pump is Worked until gauge 23 indicates zero. In filling siphons, the pressure in the fountain must always be retained at seven atmospheres, for which purpose thegas is either taken from the generator or from the receiver. At seven atmospheres the siphons will ordinarily be lled after the gas has been allowed to escape twice into receiver H. The receiver H consists of a copper cylinder, tinned inside, and resting with the machine'for filling siphons on one plank. To the upper part of the receiver gauge 23 is attached, which indicates the pressure of carbonic acid present. Return-valve 24. is combined With nozzle 25. The carbonic acid, which is being lost by using the old machines for filling siphons, passes through pipe 27, through return-valve 24.

l claim as my invention- 1. The utilizing of the carbonio-acid gas, usually Wasted in filling siphons, by means of receiver H, in combination With the pump Gr and receptacle K, constructed and arranged substantially as described.

2. The utilizing of the carbonic-acid gas, now usually Wasted in bottling, by means of the combination of pipe 21 provided with stop-cock 3, with the corking-machine T and fountain B, substantially as described.

3. The combination of receiver H With the pump-valve 8 and pipe 15, stop-cock 10, for the purpose of conducting the Waste gas into fountain B, as set forth.

4. The combination of receiver H with the pump-valve 8, pipes 15 and w, and stop-cock 6, for the purpose of conducting the Waste gas into the generator, substantially as described. Y

OSCAR KROPFF.

Witnesses BENNO GoLDE, FRIEDERICH GRossn. 

